Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

Chapter on the Reasons for the Obligation of Zakat

Volume 2 Section 1 10 narrations
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In this chapter

hadith 171
The virtuous and learned Sheikh, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Musa ibn Babawayh al-Qummi, the author of this book—may Allah (swt) be pleased with him and grant him abode in His Paradise—wrote:
قَالَ [اَلشَّيْخُ اَلسَّعِيدُ اَلْفَقِيهُ] أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ اَلْقُمِّيُّ ، [مُصَنِّفُ هَذَا اَلْكِتَابِ] رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَ أَسْكَنَهُ جَنَّتَهُ
Tags Zakat
hadith 172
Hadith.1574 - Abdullah ibn Sinan reported from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) who said
"Indeed, Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has ordained Zakat just as He has ordained prayer. If a man were to carry the Zakat and give it openly, there would be no fault upon him in that, because Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has decreed for the poor in the wealth of the rich that which suffices them. And if He knew that what He has ordained for them would not suffice them, He would have increased it. The deprivation faced by the poor in what they are given stems from the refusal of those who withhold their rightful dues, not from the insufficiency of the obligation."
1574 - عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ
«إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَضَ اَلزَّكَاةَ كَمَا فَرَضَ اَلصَّلاَةَ فَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً حَمَلَ اَلزَّكَاةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا عَلاَنِيَةً لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ عَيْبٌ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي أَمْوَالِ اَلْأَغْنِيَاءِ مَا يَكْتَفُونَ بِهِ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ اَلَّذِي فَرَضَ لَهُمْ لاَ يَكْفِيهِمْ لَزَادَهُمْ وَ إِنَّمَا يُؤْتَى اَلْفُقَرَاءُ فِيمَا أُوتُوا مِنْ مَنْعِ مَنْ مَنَعَهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ لاَ مِنَ اَلْفَرِيضَةِ».
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hadith 173
Hadith.1575 - Mubarak Al-Aqrqoufi narrated from Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) who said
"Zakat was established as sustenance for the poor and a means of increasing their wealth."
1575 - وَ رَوَى مُبَارَكٌ اَلْعَقَرْقُوفِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ
«إِنَّمَا وُضِعَتِ اَلزَّكَاةُ قُوتاً لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَ تَوْفِيراً لِأَمْوَالِهِمْ ».
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hadith 174
Hadith.1576 - Musa ibn Bakr reported from Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) who said
"Protect your wealth through Zakat."
1576 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ
«حَصِّنُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بِالزَّكَاةِ ».
Tags Zakat
hadith 175
Hadith.1577 - Hariz narrated from Zurara and Muhammad ibn Muslim that they both said to Abu Abdullah (as): "What do you say about the verse of Allah (swt) Almighty: ‘Indeed, alms are only for the poor, the needy, those employed to collect them, those whose hearts are to be reconciled, for freeing captives, for those in debt, in the way of Allah (swt), and for the stranded traveller — an obligation imposed by Allah (swt)’ (Surah At-Tawbah 9:60)? Should all these categories be given, even if they do not recognize (the Imam)?" Imam (as) replied: "The Imam distributes to all of them because they acknowledge his authority." Zurara asked: "
What if they do not recognize (the Imam)?" Imam (as) replied: "O Zurara, if he were to give to those who recognize and withhold from those who do not, there would be no recipients left for these funds. He gives to those who do not recognize in order to attract them to the religion and stabilize them in it. However, today, neither you nor your companions should give it except to those who recognize (the Imam). If you find among these Muslims someone who is aware, give it to him rather than others." Imam then added: "The share of ‘those whose hearts are to be reconciled’ and the share of ‘freeing captives’ is general, while the rest are specific." Zurara asked: "What if there are no eligible recipients?" Imam (as) replied: "A duty that Allah (swt) Almighty has prescribed will never lack recipients." Zurara further asked: "What if the alms are not sufficient to meet their needs?" Imam responded: " Allah (swt) Almighty has prescribed for the poor in the wealth of the rich what suffices them. Had He known that this would not suffice them, He would have increased it. The shortage is not due to Allah’s (swt) decree, but due to those who withhold their due rights. Had people fulfilled their obligations, everyone would be living in ease."
1577 - وَ رَوَى حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ : أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ
رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ «۝ إِنَّمَا اَلصَّدَقٰاتُ لِلْفُقَرٰاءِ وَ اَلْمَسٰاكِينِ وَ اَلْعٰامِلِينَ عَلَيْهٰا وَ اَلْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ فِي اَلرِّقٰابِ وَ اَلْغٰارِمِينَ وَ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللّٰهِ وَ اِبْنِ اَلسَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اَللّٰهِ ۝» أَ كُلُّ هَؤُلاَءِ يُعْطَى وَ إِنْ كَانَ لاَ يَعْرِفُ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَلْإِمَامَ يُعْطِي هَؤُلاَءِ جَمِيعاً لِأَنَّهُمْ يُقِرُّونَ لَهُ بِالطَّاعَةِ » قَالَ زُرَارَةُ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانُوا لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ فَقَالَ «يَا زُرَارَةُ لَوْ كَانَ يُعْطِي مَنْ يَعْرِفُ دُونَ مَنْ لاَ يَعْرِفُ لَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهَا مَوْضِعٌ وَ إِنَّمَا يُعْطِي مَنْ لاَ يَعْرِفُ لِيَرْغَبَ فِي اَلدِّينِ فَيَثْبُتَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَّا اَلْيَوْمَ فَلاَ تُعْطِهَا أَنْتَ وَ أَصْحَابُكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ يَعْرِفُ فَمَنْ وَجَدْتَ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَارِفاً فَأَعْطِهِ دُونَ اَلنَّاسِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «سَهْمُ «اَلْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ» وَ سَهْمُ «اَلرِّقٰابِ» عَامٌّ وَ اَلْبَاقِي خَاصُّ » قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدُوا قَالَ «لاَ تَكُونُ فَرِيضَةٌ فَرَضَهَا اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لاَ يُوجَدُ لَهَا أَهْلٌ» قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسَعْهُمُ اَلصَّدَقَاتُ قَالَ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي مَالِ اَلْأَغْنِيَاءِ مَا يَسَعُهُمْ وَ لَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لاَ يَسَعُهُمْ لَزَادَهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُؤْتَوْا مِنْ قِبَلِ فَرِيضَةِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَكِنْ أُتُوا مِنْ مَنْعِ مَنْ مَنَعَهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ لاَ مِمَّا فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ لَهُمْ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ أَدَّوْا حُقُوقَهُمْ لَكَانُوا عَائِشِينَ بِخَيْرٍ».
Tags Zakat
hadith 176
Hadith.1578 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said to Ammar ibn Musa al-Sabati: "O Ammar, you are a man of considerable wealth." Ammar replied: "Yes, may I be your ransom." Imam asked: "Do you fulfill what Allah (swt) has made obligatory upon you in terms of Zakat?" Ammar said: "Yes." Imam then asked: "Do you give the known right from your wealth?" Ammar replied: "Yes." The Imam continued: "Do you maintain ties with your relatives?" Ammar said: "Yes." The Imam asked further: "Do you support your brothers?" Ammar replied: "Yes." The Imam then said: "O Ammar, wealth perishes, the body decays, and deeds remain. The Reckoner (Allah (swt)) is living and does not die. O Ammar, indeed, what you have sent ahead will never leave you, and what you delay will never reach you."
1578 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِعَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ : «يَا عَمَّارُ أَنْتَ رَبُّ مَالٍ كَثِيرٍ» قَالَ نَعَمْ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ قَالَ «فَتُؤَدِّي مَا اِفْتَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ اَلزَّكَاةِ» فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَتُخْرِجُ اَلْحَقَّ اَلْمَعْلُومَ مِنْ مَالِكَ » قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَتَصِلُ قَرَابَتَكَ» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَتَصِلُ إِخْوَانَكَ» قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ «يَا عَمَّارُ إِنَّ اَلْمَالَ يَفْنَى وَ اَلْبَدَنَ يَبْلَى وَ اَلْعَمَلَ يَبْقَى وَ اَلدَّيَّانَ حَيٌّ لاَ يَمُوتُ يَا عَمَّارُ أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَا قَدَّمْتَ فَلَنْ يَسْبِقَكَ وَ مَا أَخَّرْتَ فَلَنْ يَلْحَقَكَ ».
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hadith 177
Hadith.1579 - In a narration from Abu al-Husayn Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Asadi, may Allah (swt) be pleased with him, from Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Barmaki, from Abdullah ibn Ahmad, from al-Fadl ibn Isma'il, from Mu'attib, the servant of Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as): Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said
"Zakat was ordained as a test for the wealthy and as support for the poor. If people paid the Zakat on their wealth, no Muslim would remain poor or in need. They would find sufficiency through what Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has prescribed for them. People only become impoverished, needy, hungry, or unclothed because of the sins of the wealthy. It is a truth upon Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, that He withholds His mercy from those who withhold Allah’s (swt) right in their wealth. I swear by the One who created creation and spread sustenance that no wealth is lost on land or sea except due to the neglect of Zakat. And no prey is hunted on land or sea except due to the neglect of glorification (of Allah (swt)) on that day. Indeed, the most beloved of people to Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, are the most generous in giving, and the most generous of people is the one who pays the Zakat of his wealth and does not withhold from the believers what Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has ordained for them in his wealth."
1579 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي اَلْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْأَسَدِيِّ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ اَلْبَرْمَكِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُعَتِّبٍ مَوْلَى اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ
قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِنَّمَا وُضِعَتِ اَلزَّكَاةُ اِخْتِبَاراً لِلْأَغْنِيَاءِ وَ مَعُونَةً لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ اَلنَّاسَ أَدَّوْا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ مَا بَقِيَ مُسْلِمٌ فَقِيراً مُحْتَاجاً وَ لاَسْتَغْنَى بِمَا فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ وَ إِنَّ اَلنَّاسَ مَا اِفْتَقَرُوا وَ لاَ اِحْتَاجُوا وَ لاَ جَاعُوا وَ لاَ عَرُوا إِلاَّ بِذُنُوبِ اَلْأَغْنِيَاءِ وَ حَقِيقٌ عَلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَمْنَعَ رَحْمَتَهُ مَنْ مَنَعَ حَقَّ اَللَّهِ فِي مَالِهِ وَ أُقْسِمُ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ اَلْخَلْقَ وَ بَسَطَ اَلرِّزْقَ أَنَّهُ مَا ضَاعَ مَالٌ فِي بَرٍّ وَ لاَ بَحْرٍ إِلاَّ بِتَرْكِ اَلزَّكَاةِ وَ مَا صِيدَ صَيْدٌ فِي بَرٍّ وَ لاَ بَحْرٍ إِلاَّ بِتَرْكِهِ اَلتَّسْبِيحَ فِي ذَلِكَ اَلْيَوْمِ وَ إِنَّ أَحَبَّ اَلنَّاسِ إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَسْخَاهُمْ كَفّاً وَ أَسْخَى اَلنَّاسِ مَنْ أَدَّى زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ وَ لَمْ يَبْخَلْ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا اِفْتَرَضَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُمْ فِي مَالِهِ».
Tags Zakat
hadith 178
Hadith.1580 - Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) wrote to Muhammad ibn Sinan in response to his questions: "The reason for the obligation of Zakat is to provide sustenance for the poor and to protect the wealth of the rich. Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has tasked the healthy with caring for those who are afflicted and tested, as Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, says: 'You will surely be tested in your wealth and your souls' (Surah Ali ’Imran 3:186). In your wealth, it refers to the giving of Zakat, and in your souls, it refers to preparing yourselves for patience. This also serves as an expression of gratitude for Allah’s (swt) blessings, an aspiration for an increase in provision, and a means of fostering compassion and mercy for the weak, sympathy for the impoverished, and encouragement for mutual assistance and solidarity. It strengthens the poor and aids them in their religious duties. It also serves as a reminder and a lesson for the wealthy to reflect on the poor of the Hereafter through the poor of this world. It inspires them to thank Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, for what He has bestowed upon them, and to make supplications, humble themselves, and fear becoming like the impoverished in many matters. These include fulfilling Zakat, giving in charity, maintaining ties of kinship, and performing acts of kindness."
1580 - وَ كَتَبَ اَلرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ: «أَنَّ عِلَّةَ اَلزَّكَاةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ قُوتِ اَلْفُقَرَاءِ وَ تَحْصِينِ أَمْوَالِ اَلْأَغْنِيَاءِ لِأَنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَلَّفَ أَهْلَ اَلصِّحَّةِ اَلْقِيَامَ بِشَأْنِ أَهْلِ اَلزَّمَانَةِ وَ اَلْبَلْوَى كَمَا قَالَ اَللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى، «۝ لَتُبْلَوُنَّ فِي أَمْوٰالِكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسِكُمْ ۝» فِي أَمْوَالِكُمْ إِخْرَاجُ اَلزَّكَاةِ وَ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ تَوْطِينُ اَلْأَنْفُسِ عَلَى اَلصَّبْرِ مَعَ مَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَدَاءِ شُكْرِ نِعَمِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ اَلطَّمَعِ فِي اَلزِّيَادَةِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ اَلزِّيَادَةِ وَ اَلرَّأْفَةِ وَ اَلرَّحْمَةِ لِأَهْلِ اَلضَّعْفِ وَ اَلْعَطْفِ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْمَسْكَنَةِ وَ اَلْحَثِّ لَهُمْ عَلَى اَلْمُوَاسَاةِ وَ تَقْوِيَةِ اَلْفُقَرَاءِ وَ اَلْمَعُونَةِ لَهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِ اَلدِّينِ وَ هُوَ عِظَةٌ لِأَهْلِ اَلْغِنَى وَ عِبْرَةٌ لَهُمْ لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا عَلَى فُقَرَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ بِهِمْ وَ مَا لَهُمْ مِنَ اَلْحَثِّ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى اَلشُّكْرِ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِمَا خَوَّلَهُمْ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ وَ اَلدُّعَاءِ وَ اَلتَّضَرُّعِ وَ اَلْخَوْفِ مِنْ أَنْ يَصِيرُوا مِثْلَهُمْ فِي أُمُورٍ كَثِيرَةٍ فِي أَدَاءِ اَلزَّكَاةِ وَ اَلصَّدَقَاتِ وَ صِلَةِ اَلْأَرْحَامِ وَ اِصْطِنَاعِ اَلْمَعْرُوفِ».
Tags Zakat
hadith 179
Hadith.1581 - Abu al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (as) said: "Whoever pays the full Zakat on his wealth and allocates it properly will not be questioned about how he earned his wealth."
1581 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : «مَنْ أَخْرَجَ زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ تَامَّةً فَوَضَعَهَا فِي مَوْضِعِهَا لَمْ يُسْأَلْ مِنْ أَيْنَ اِكْتَسَبَ مَالَهُ».
Tags Zakat
hadith 180
Hadith.1582 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said: "Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic, has prescribed Zakat as twenty-five dirhams for every thousand because He created the creation and knew their wealthy and their poor, their strong and their weak. He allocated from every thousand an amount sufficient for twenty-five poor individuals. If this were not sufficient, Allah (swt) would have increased it, for He is their Creator and knows them best."
1582 - وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : «إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ اَلزَّكَاةَ فِي كُلِّ أَلْفٍ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَماً لِأَنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ اَلْخَلْقَ فَعَلِمَ غَنِيَّهُمْ وَ فَقِيرَهُمْ وَ قَوِيَّهُمْ وَ ضَعِيفَهُمْ فَجَعَلَ مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ خَمْسَةً وَ عِشْرِينَ مِسْكِيناً وَ لَوْ لاَ ذَلِكَ لَزَادَهُمُ اَللَّهُ لِأَنَّهُ خَالِقُهُمْ وَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِمْ.
Tags Zakat